Plants do not have a heart, blood or a circulation system, but they do need a transport system to move food, water and minerals around. They use two different systems - xylem moves water and mineral ions from the roots to the leaves - phloem moves food substances such as sucrose sugar and amino acids from leaves to the rest of the plant. This movement of food is called translocation. Both of these systems contain cells that make continuous tubes running the full length of the plant from the roots, up the stem and through the leaves.
They are like blood vessels for the plant. Plants absorb water from the soil by osmosis. They absorb mineral ions by active transport, against the concentration gradient.
Root hair cells are adapted for taking up water and mineral ions by having a large surface area to increase the rate of absorption. The stoma opening width, regulated by the turgor of the two involved guard cells, is decisive for water loss through the leaves.
In this scenario, the stress hormone abscisic acid ABA plays a key role. As with all grasses, the barrier cell complex consists of a pair of guard cells neighbored by a pair of subsidiary cell Figure 1. Stomatal closure, a first macroscopic response to ABA, is much faster in barley than in non-grasses and the dependent of the interaction of the guard cells GC with their subsidiary cells SC.
The nature of this cell-to-cell communication is so far almost unknown. Between both cell types, a highly regulated traffic exist in relation to signals and osmotically effective metabolites and ions.
Thus, more insight into the communication between these two cell types is mandatory for the identification of potential barley marker genes and is the focus of our investigations. Research Prof. Rainer Hedrich Prof. Dirk Becker Prof. Dietmar Geiger Prof. Irene Marten Prof.
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